Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), are manifestation of trust and moderators of macroeconomic and political activities, but if they enter without a plan or their activities interfere with each other or with the government, they may become a threat to society. In Harandi neighborhood (former Darvazeh Ghaar) in Tehran, due to the presence of numerous social issues, several NGOs have entered to reduce the problems. Despite their achievements of these teams, the interferences and parallel work with governmental plans have resulted in new problems. This research through theoretical studies, observations, in-depth and semi-structured interviews, as well as the formation of focus groups with neighborhood residents and NGOs introduce new theoretical approaches in the field of cooperation space of civil institutions. These are implemented based on three levels of consensus (values), conflict (contradictory regime of truth) and interpretive (symbols). It seeks to provide the requirements for creating a cooperation space among residents of Harandi neighborhood. According to the model, the most important features include the existence of areas of Convergence in spite of the increasing competition between them, the dominance of commonsense views over scientific attitudes, the dispersion of normative sources about human rights, psychological principles, dominance of material and external values such as attention to salary and income, less attention to emotional values such as interaction with other NGOs, less attention to cognitive values such as creativity and learning new knowledge.

Purpose: The present study aims to identify and explain the futures of Iranian provinces in the competition for the development of NBIC technological Convergence (synergy between nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology and cognitive sciences) with a focus on Yazd province. Method: This research, which has been conducted with a qualitative and descriptive approach, is classified as an exploratory futures-study. In this way, the relevant research records were first reviewed to compile a list of drivers in the development of convergent technologies. The list was then refined and prioritized to identify two key drivers, with the Delphi process attended by fourteen experts. By intersecting the uncertainties of these two drivers, four scenarios of the province's future in technological Convergence competition emerged. Findings: The two key drivers affecting the success of the province in the competition for convergent technologies are: the rate of development of the innovation ecosystem and the amount of financial resources allocated to this process. Based on this, four scenarios of the future situation of the province in this field were identified, which have been named as "Vanguard", "Buyer", "Remnant" and "Hired". Conclusion: In order for the provinces to be able to succeed in the forthcoming competitions in the production and operation of convergent technologies, it is necessary to plan for strengthening the ecosystem infrastructure from now; at the same time, it is necessary to make efficient efforts to provide sufficient financial resources for the research and commercialization of these technologies.

Transition to organic communities is an inevitable necessity for contemporary societies. NGOs have been considered as facilitators of this transition in theoretical models of democracy. In this study, in connection with these theoretical models, from a problematic approach, the relationship between social capital and tolerance is investigated. The statistical population included all non-governmental organizations registered in the General Directorate of Sports and Youth of Shiraz. The data required for this research have been collected using social survey method and questionnaire tools. The results of data analysis clearly showed that the amount of social capital and tolerance in all dimensions are lower than the theoretical average. Also, the relationship between social capital and tolerance was not statistically confirmed. These findings remind the social policymakers and the scientific, cultural and political community of the need for qualitative research in connection with the exploratory explanation or description of such findings.

Face recognition from digital images is used for surveillance and authentication in cities, organizations, and personal devices. Internet of Things (IoT)-powered face recognition systems use multiple sensors and one or more servers to process data. All sensor data from initial methods was sent to the central server for processing, raising concerns about sensitive data disclosure. The main concern was that all data from all sectors that could contain confidential information was placed in a central server. Federated learning can solve this problem by using several local model training servers for each region and a central aggregation server to form a global model in IoT networks. This article presents a novel approach to optimize data transfer and Convergence time in federated learning for a face recognition task using Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA II). The aim of the study is to balance the trade-off between training time and model accuracy in a federated learning environment. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in reducing data transfer and Convergence time, leading to improved performance in face recognition accuracy. This research provides insights for researchers and practitioners to enhance the efficiency of federated learning in real-world applications.

this paper is to study the Convergence of per capita income. Convergence clubs hypothesis is one of the forms of Convergence hypotheses, implying that countries with the same initial level of economic development, technology, and government policies, tend to be similar in per capita income and thus have a tendency to cluster around a small number of poles. In order to test the hypothesis of the formation of the Convergence clubs among 15 Middle East and North African (MENA) countries for the period of 1990– 2015, we used a non-parametric analysis (distribution dynamics approach). The distribution dynamics of real per capita GDP showed that “ twin peaks” were being formed in the MENA region.